The iPhone 12 and iPhone 12 Pro =============================== By John Gruber https://daringfireball.net/2020/10/the_iphone_12_and_iphone_12_pro Tuesday, 20 October 2020 I try to keep two distinct readers in mind with these annual reviews of new iPhones. First, *you*, today -- you probably want insight to help you decide, to some degree, whether you should upgrade from whatever iPhone you currently own (and you probably do own an iPhone already) to one of this year's new ones, and if so, which one? Second, *me*, in the future -- I want to look back and use what I write now as a resource to remember what was new with the 2020 iPhones. What's worth noticing and knowing about these iPhones vis-à-vis the market today? What remains the same? What's different? What stands out? What will be worth remembering about them in the future? When I get lost in a sea of disparate notes and observations, these are the questions I come back to for clarity. But there's just no way to write a definitive review of the entire iPhone 12 lineup today. There are four iPhones in that lineup, and the two that I've been using for the last week are the least novel of the bunch: the no-adjective iPhone 12 (in blue) and the iPhone 12 Pro (in pacific blue). The iPhone 12 Mini (the smallest iPhone Apple has made since the 5 / 5C / 5S / SE) and the 12 Pro Max (the biggest iPhone Apple has ever made, with the most advanced camera system) are launching three weeks after the identically mid-sized 12 and 12 Pro, and reviews, if Apple follows form, will likely drop three weeks from today.[1] If you really want to understand the gestalt of the whole iPhone 12 lineup, you have to wait. We all do. But that's not a complaint. I've struggled enough trying to review these two phones in a week. (They arrived last Wednesday. So, at publication, I've been using them for about six days.) I don't know how much of the three-week split between the launches of the 12/12 Pro and the 12 Mini/12 Pro Max was dictated by the travails of production and manufacturing,[2] and how much is purposeful strategy,[3] but I'm glad to have the chance to *just* write about these two iPhones first, even if the 12 Mini and 12 Pro Max are ultimately more interesting. ## Industrial Design "The creative act of determining and defining a product's form and features" -- that's [Wikipedia's definition of *industrial design*][id], and that's pretty good -- and perfect for what I want to talk about here. [id]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_design In the early small-screen era of iPhone, the logical progression of iPhone form factors was very obvious. The original iPhone, 3G, and 3GS were all basically the same size. The original was aluminum and the 3G/3GS were plastic, which was a big change -- a change in the name of practicality but which in hindsight leaves the original as a [much more compelling artifact][a], particularly after being [well-used][eh]. But it's also obvious that switching to plastic made the iPhone 3G/3GS cheaper to make and almost certainly more antenna-friendly. The iPhone 4 and 4S introduced retina displays -- to my mind, the single biggest change in personal computer displays ever. Apple didn't incrementally increase the pixel density -- they doubled it, which in terms of area meant quadrupling. Pixels instantly went from dots you could see with the naked eye to ones that you couldn't, in one fell swoop. And the iPhone's structural design changed completely, to a flat stainless steel antenna band sandwiched between two panes of glass. (What comes around goes around.) The iPhone 5 changed the aspect ratio, making the displays taller, but the display width stayed the same. Basically, in a certain essential sense -- that sense being how an iPhone fit and felt in one's hand -- iPhones changed a lot in terms of style between 2007's original and 2011's 4S, but they stayed the same size. And even with the 5 and 5S, they grew only in height, not width. That was seven model years of same-width iPhones. It was very clear Apple's designers knew what size they felt early iPhones should be. [eh]: https://www.macg.co/aapl/2019/06/evans-hankey-le-nouveau-visage-du-design-produit-dapple-106737 [a]: https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2016/11/designed-by-apple-in-california-chronicles-20-years-of-apple-design.html In the era of the iPhones 6 through 8, Apple settled on and stuck with two larger sizes: 4.7-inch regular displays and 5.5-inch "Plus" displays. Camera bumps and color options aside, the essential industrial design of these phones remained utterly identical from the 2014 iPhone 6 through today's second-generation SE. (And at the Plus size, perhaps from the 6 Plus through next year's potential SE Plus?) There's a "measure twice, cut once" aspect to Apple's consistency with those home-button-era iPhones. And, importantly, their *display* sizes could be used as shorthand descriptions of their relative *device* sizes. All of the 3.5-inch iPhones (original through 4S) felt the same size in hand. The 4-inch models (5/5C/5S/SE) felt only taller, not bigger per se. (And they got thinner, which helped keep them from feeling *bigger*, and replaced the glass backs with all-aluminum frames, which made them relatively lighter by volume.) All of the 4.7-inch and 5.5-inch home-button iPhones are almost exactly the same size, shape, and weight as each other, respectively. That's not the case with the Face-ID-era iPhones. In the first three years of the Face ID era, we saw three display sizes: 5.8-inch OLED (X, XS, 11 Pro), 6.5-inch OLED (XS Max, 11 Pro Max), and 6.1-inch LCD (XR, 11). These three display sizes corresponded to three device sizes. In hand, in pocket, and side-by-side on a table, these devices feel and look like what the diagonal measure of their displays suggest: regular (5.8″), large (6.5″), and split-the-difference (6.1″). One is tempted to say *small*, *medium*, and *large*, but that's not apt at all. The 5.8-inch iPhones are not small. They feel *regular* sized. The new default. That's why the one and only iPhone X -- the phone that introduced the second conceptual design of the iPhone experience (no home button, edge-to-edge round-cornered displays, the slide-from-bottom gesture for getting to the home screen and multitasking) -- was that size. The 6.5-inch Max devices truly were large, but the 6.1-inch XR and 11 were something else. "Split-the-difference" sounds inelegant but I really do feel that's what Apple was doing with them. It was a compromise to bring the iPhone X conceptual design to a more consumer-friendly price point, and one size that worked for everyone. The XR and 11 *feel* a little big in hand for those who, if price were no matter, would prefer the 5.8-inch XS or 11 Pro. And they *look* a little small for those who, if price were no matter, would prefer the 6.5-inch XS Max or 11 Pro Max. But it's a good compromise size for everyone whose sensibility or budget steered them toward iPhones that started around $750 or so rather than $1000 or so. So when you see that the new iPhone 12 and 12 Pro[4] have 6.1-inch displays, 12 years of iPhone experience are going to make you think these are iPhone XR/11-sized devices. They're not. In hand, in pocket, and to the eye, they feel and look like iPhone X/XS/11 Pro-sized devices. Display size is no longer a proximate metric for relative iPhone *device* size. Consider a small table of specs quoted (and in the case of volume, computed) from Apple's [iPhone Compare page][c]: [c]: https://www.apple.com/iphone/compare/?device1=iphone12pro&device2=iphone11pro&device3=iphone11
| 12 | 12 Pro | 11 Pro | 11 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Height | 146.7 mm | 146.7 mm | 144.0 mm | 150.9 mm |
| Width | 71.5 mm | 71.5 mm | 71.4 mm | 75.7 mm |
| Depth | 7.4 mm | 7.4 mm | 8.1 mm | 8.3 mm |
| Volume | 77.6 cc | 77.6 cc | 83.3 cc | 94.8 cc |
| Weight | 164 g | 189 g | 188 g | 194 g |
Here's a zoomed out screenshot showing the greater Philly metro area:
Basically, Verizon claims to offer "5G Nationwide" -- a.k.a. Sub-6GHz 5G -- across the whole metro region *except* for the most densely populated area right in the heart of Philly. Which is where I live. I walked into areas that are red on Verizon's map, but I never saw any regular 5G service. Only LTE. I pretty much live my life in Verizon's pink zone.
But those dark maroon areas for "5G Ultra Wideband" -- a.k.a. 5G mmWave -- are for the most part very accurate on Verizon's map. I went straight from LTE to 5G Ultra Wideband (the indicator in the iOS status bar changes to "5G" with a little "UW" next to it) without seeing a lick of normal 5G all week.
And -- I'll repeat -- holy shit is Verizon's 5G Ultra Wideband fast. Using [Ookla's Speedtest app][oo] for testing, my LTE service here in Philly is generally in the range of 50-120 Mbps down, 10-20 Mbps up. Not bad. With 5G Ultra Wideband, I typically saw 1,200-1,800 Mbps down, 25-70 Mbps up. At a few spots I consistently saw 2,300-2,700 Mbps down. Wowza. Apple's and Verizon's advertised maximum under "ideal conditions" is 4,000 Mbps. That's gigabit speeds in real life over a cellular network.
[oo]: https://www.speedtest.net/
But these mmWave coverage zones really are like Wi-Fi hotspots in terms of range. At some spots, the coverage is literally just half a city block. And it supposedly doesn't penetrate walls or even windows well. It's an outdoor technology, I guess? Which seems *really* limiting? It's technically amazing, and I can vouch that it works and really does deliver downstream speed that's 10 times or more faster than Verizon's LTE. But if it doesn't work indoors, I'm not sure when it's ever going to be practically useful for me, other than when I'm at congested spots like airports, train stations, arenas, and stadiums -- places I haven't seen since early March and won't see again until who knows when.
Data caps are another practical concern. Anything you do that can make use of these insane speeds can chew through 15-30 GB of data pretty quickly. Download Xcode once and boom, there goes 11 GB. But 5G will help you blow through your data cap really fast.
I can't speak to Verizon's regular 5G service, because I never encountered it.
As for testing 5G's potentially deleterious effect on battery life: that's beyond the scope of this review, alas. But I will point out that iOS 14.1 has three separate options in Settings → Cellular → Cellular Data Options → Voice & Data:
- 5G On
- 5G Auto
- LTE
Apple's description: "5G On uses 5G whenever it is available, even when it may reduce battery life. 5G Auto uses 5G only when it will not significantly reduce battery life." 5G Auto is the default, and that's where I left it all week. Overall daily battery life seemed about what I'd expect while using these devices pretty extensively.
There is also a section in Cellular Data Options for Data Mode:
- Allow More Data on 5G
- Standard
- Low Data Mode
On iPhones without 5G, this is just a toggle switch for Low Data Mode. Allow More Data on 5G, according to the descriptive text, "provides higher-quality video and FaceTime when connected to 5G cellular networks". I think it more or less treats a 5G connection the same way it does a Wi-Fi connection. I don't think this is a good idea. 5G may well be faster than LTE, but allowing more data over cellular should depend on your plan's data cap, not the speed of the connection.
[v]: https://www.verizon.com/coverage-map/
One last 5G note: iOS hotspot tethering will share a 5G Ultra Wideband connection. At a location where the iPhone 12 was seeing speeds of 1,200-1,700 Mbps down, a connected device using the personal hotspot over Wi-Fi was seeing speeds of 500-600 Mbps. Impressive! According to Apple, modern Apple devices will see faster hotspot speeds tethering over the air with Wi-Fi than using a USB Lightning cable.
## Benchmarks
A serious analysis of the A14 is far beyond the scope of this piece, but I did poke around with [Geekbench 5][] and the [browser-based Speedometer 2.0][s2] just to see what the basic gist was. In my brief testing, the iPhone 12 and iPhone 12 Pro scored equivalently, so I'm not listing them separately. Geekbench does say there's more RAM in the 12 Pro (6 GB vs. 4 GB), but that doesn't seem to make any difference in these benchmarks, nor would I expect it to. In all of these benchmarks, higher numbers are faster, and are the average of three runs:
[geekbench 5]: https://www.geekbench.com/blog/2019/09/geekbench-5/
[s2]: https://browserbench.org/Speedometer2.0/
| iPhone 12 | iPhone 11 | % Faster | |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB5 Single-core | 1590 | 1330 | 20 |
| GB5 Multi-core | 4010 | 3340 | 20 |
| GB5 Compute | 9190 | 7180 | 28 |
| Speedometer 2.0 | 200 | 154 | 30 |
Apple's usual schedule is for review embargoes to drop in the window between pre-orders and shipping. I can't think of a product that was an exception to this. ↩︎
Which, this year, have clearly been made more difficult by the COVID-19 pandemic, which temporarily shut down Apple's supply chain in China earlier this year, and has severely restricted travel all year long. It's impossible to overstate just how much of Apple's usual process involves U.S. employees of the company flying back and forth to China to inspect and test components and oversee and approve assembly. It's really quite remarkable that these new iPhones are debuting as close to the "normal" schedule as they are. ↩︎︎
In 2017, the iPhones 8 and 8 Plus went on sale in mid-September, the week after they were introduced. But the iPhone X didn't ship until early November, with the first reviews dropping October 31. (My own iPhone X review didn't appear until December 26.) In 2018 the schedule flip-flopped, with the not-yet-called-"Pro" iPhones XS and XS Max appearing "on time" in mid-September and the iPhone XR appearing five weeks later. Last year, the whole iPhone 11 family -- 11, 11 Pro, 11 Pro Max -- debuted together in mid-September. ↩︎︎
That's right -- 1,200 or so words in, and I'm just now getting to the new phones. ↩︎︎
Apple's depth measurements don't account for the camera bumps, but the bumps on the iPhone 12 and 12 Pro don't seem to protrude any more than on last year's iPhones. ↩︎︎
I do miss hearing "aluminium" from Jony Ive's voiceovers. And it occurs to me to wonder what he's up to. ↩︎︎
Here's a little detail where the iPhone 12 gets screwed on niceness. There are two tiny pentalobe screws next to the Lightning port on both phones. On the iPhone 12 Pro, they are color-matched to the steel band. On the iPhone 12, they're not. Come on, Apple. ↩︎︎