By John Gruber

• Archive
• The Talk Show
• Dithering
• Projects
• Contact
• Colophon
• Feeds / Social
• Sponsorship

‘Musk v. Altman’ Closing Arguments ★

Elizabeth Lopatto, reporting for The Verge (gift link):

Today was closing arguments in the Musk v. Altman trial, and I almost feel bad writing about the unbelievable demolition derby I just witnessed. Steven Molo, Musk’s lawyer, stumbled over his words. He at one point called Greg Brockman — a co-defendant — Greg Altman. He erroneously claimed that Musk wasn’t asking for money and had to be corrected by the judge. He made it clear we’ve heard from many liars over the past few weeks, but offered little evidence for Musk’s actual legal claims.

OpenAI’s lawyer, Sarah Eddy, countered this by simply arranging the mountain of evidence that the company introduced in chronological order. She didn’t spend time trying to pretend anyone in this trial is especially reliable. She did, however, get the zinger of the day, about Musk: “Even the mother of his children can’t back his story.” William Savitt, who took the defendant baton after her presentation, demonstrated the number of times Musk “didn’t recall” some critical detail — and wondered how a sophisticated businessman couldn’t understand or read a four-page term sheet OpenAI had sent to him.

I found myself wondering, again, why we were all wasting our time here. So let’s discuss the gossip, which is the real point of this trial. How good was it? Here are my favorite nuggets.

Let’s Run a Neologism Poll ★

After posting the previous item referencing dickpanels, a term I’ve been using since 2022, it occurred me that they could also be called dickovers (like popovers, but dickheaded). The latter sounds more clever, but I worry it’s less clear. I’m seldom so indecisive, so I’m running a Mastodon poll.

The Youth AI Safety Institute Has Margrethe Vestager’s Backing ★

Una Hajdari, reporting for Euronews:

A new independent institute dedicated to making artificial intelligence safer for children will beformally [sic] presented at the Danish Parliament on Tuesday, with former European Commission executive vice-president Margrethe Vestager among those co-hosting the event.

The institute’s approach, as explained in a statement before the launch, is “modelled on independent crash-test ratings” for cars. The idea, ostensibly, is that just as consumers can check whether a vehicle is safe before buying it, parents should be able to do the same for the AI their children use.

Quite what a crash test looks like for a chatbot, the institute does not yet say.

Hopefully their AI crash testing winds up more effective than the GDPR “cookie” initiative overseen by Vestager, which led to the nonsense that required me to click through this ridiculous full-window dickpanel just to read the story. (I love that the dickpanel is titled “We value your privacy” and then begins with the sentence, “With your agreement, we and our 399 partners use cookies or similar technologies to store, access, and process personal data like your visit on this website, IP addresses and cookie identifiers.” If Euronews did not value your privacy, they might have 400 partners.)

Aided by Mythos Preview, Researchers Announce MacOS Kernel Exploit Circumventing M5 Memory Integrity Enforcement ★

Calif, a security research team, on their blog:

Many security experts consider Apple devices to be the most secure consumer platform. The latest flagship example is MIE (Memory Integrity Enforcement), Apple’s hardware-assisted memory safety system built around ARM’s MTE (Memory Tagging Extension). It was introduced as the marquee security feature for the Apple M5 and A19, specifically designed to stop memory corruption exploits, the vulnerability class behind many of the most sophisticated compromises on iOS and macOS. [...]

Our macOS attack path was actually an accidental discovery. Bruce Dang found the bugs on April 25th. Dion Blazakis joined Calif on April 27th. Josh Maine built the tooling, and by May 1st we had a working exploit.

We didn’t build the chain alone. Mythos Preview helped identify the bugs and assisted throughout exploit development. [...] To the best of our knowledge, this is the first public macOS kernel exploit on MIE hardware. Again, we’ll publish our 55-page report after Apple ships a fix.

The Wall Street Journal ran a story on Calif’s announcement today that was heavy on hyperbole and extraordinarily light on technical details. Unsurprisingly, the team’s own blog post was much more informative and interesting. The achievement here is circumventing MIE.

Wired on the Dark Mood Inside Meta ★

Paresh Dave, Lauren Goode, Steven Levy, and Zoë Schiffer, reporting for Wired (News+ link):

As Meta employees brace for layoffs next Wednesday, May 20, many say the vibes are horrifically, historically low. “Everyone is unhappy; the only people who are not unhappy are, literally, executives,” says an employee who works on Instagram.

I’ve never heard of a company bracing for layoffs where the morale was good. But this Wired report — with some all-star bylines — paints a particularly dark picture of the mood in Menlo Park:

“I don’t know anyone having a good time,” says a policy staffer. “The vibe is a bit ‘over it’ — lack of connection to the mission, upcoming layoffs, American employees being used to train the AI models that will replace them.”

Anyone who can afford to leave is hoping to be laid off and receive the 16 weeks minimum of severance and 18 months of paid health care that come with it, several people say. As the Instagram employee put it, “Everyone is just like, do it now, jesus fucking christ.” Only the individuals with the best pay packages and involved in the core development of AI seem to be thriving, a longtime senior leader at Meta says.

Regarding the new employee surveillance tracking software:

Opting out is not possible, according to three employees. “Nobody is happy about it,” says a current employee. “And we have no choice.” Some employees claim they have found workarounds to dodge tracking or have managed to delay installation.

The software, known as Model Capability Initiative, or MCI, suddenly turned people across the company into privacy zealots, a legal staffer says. When employees protested the rollout in internal messages, including by referencing Meta’s history of user data breaches, chief technology officer Andrew Bosworth “belittled and berated” the dissenters, one veteran employee says and another confirms. “These billionaires can’t even feign empathy,” the first person says. “The social contract is completely shattered at this point.”

Unanswered remains my question from earlier this week: is MCI installed on Bosworth’s computer too? (And Zuck’s?)

Geoffrey Fowler and the Launch of the Youth AI Safety Institute ★

Geoffrey Fowler, on his blog, which, alas, he calls “a Substack”:

I’m joining the Youth AI Safety Institute as its first new employee. It’s a research and testing organization launching today under the umbrella of children’s nonprofit Common Sense Media. Backed by a $20 million annual budget, the Institute aims to do something that doesn’t really exist yet: systematically test the AI products kids use, set safety standards, and publicly hold tech companies accountable for meeting them. Think crash test dummies for AI.

On the surface this sounds like a great idea, and Fowler does have a strong background in consumer-oriented product reviews.

My title is Head of Public Engagement — a kind of editor-at-large. I’ll work alongside researchers, computer scientists, pediatricians, clinical psychologists and educators to investigate what happens when kids use AI products, including chatbots, games, educational apps, furry AI toys and whatever comes next. My job is to help turn those findings into something families, educators, policymakers and tech leaders can use.

“We safety-test kids’ PJs. Why not their AI?” says my new colleague at Common Sense, Bruce Reed, who helped craft the Biden White House’s groundbreaking 2023 AI Executive Order.

What exactly did Biden’s AI Executive Order accomplish? As far as I know, absolutely nothing.

Some tech power players, including Anthropic and the OpenAI Foundation, have joined a consortium of foundations and private donors funding the Institute’s work. They get no say over what we publish. (And in my time at The Washington Post, I didn’t let Jeff Bezos’ ownership of the newspaper affect my criticism of Amazon.)

I’m not sure I’ve ever in my life used the phrase “Good luck with that” non-sarcastically, but in this case I mean it: good luck with that. I hope it works out, and someone has to pay the bills (and salaries). But color me skeptical about the foxes funding the henhouse inspectors.

Tim Cook Is in Trump’s Executive Entourage for China Summit ★

Owen Scott, reporting for The Independent:

The list of tech and financial industry titans joining the commander-in-chief during his summit with China’s president Xi Jinping includes Elon Musk, BlackRock CEO Larry Fink, and Apple CEO Tim Cook. [...]

Trump earlier confirmed a number of high-profile attendees in a lengthy post on Truth Social, albeit referring to Cook as “Tim Apple” in the process.

While he’s in such a jocular nickname-y mood, he should drop a reference to Winnie the Pooh into some of these posts on his blog.

Google Announces Its Chromebook Successor: The Googlebook ★

Antonio G. Di Benedetto, reporting for The Verge (gift link):

Google is announcing a new line of laptops coming in the fall called Googlebooks. Details are sparse for now, as the tease is just a small part of various Android announcements during Google’s Android Show. But we do know this is a major new initiative in the laptop space for Google, seemingly designed to succeed Chromebooks with something more capable: a platform running a long-rumored new operating system based on a fusion of Android and ChromeOS.

While there are many outstanding questions to be answered about Googlebooks, the biggest and most obvious ones are what will these laptops look like, what chips will be in them, and what will they cost? We’ve got none of that so far. Google only has some initial renders of a mysterious Googlebook and the promise that it’s working with Acer, Asus, Dell, HP, and Lenovo to make the first models. There are no model names. No specs. Nada. Google isn’t even saying if the laptop in its renders is made by a partner or a tease of some first-party Pixel-like Googlebook to come or is just a cool mockup.

This is so light on details that I was hesitant to even link to it yet. (Di Benedetto is skeptical as well.) But this caught my attention:

Googlebooks will have a Magic Pointer feature that offers contextual suggestions whenever you shake your cursor and point it at something on the screen. Google’s examples include setting up a meeting by pointing at a date in an email or selecting images of furniture and a living space to visualize them together.

Shaking your cursor over something is an interesting gesture. The only feature I’m aware of that uses that gesture is MacOS’s feature that makes your cursor bigger when you shake it, to help spot on the display. It seems a bit silly to me — why not just add the “Magic” features to a contextual menu? But, then again, here we are in 2026 and the standard gesture to invoke the Undo command on iOS is to shake your whole iPhone like a maraca.

Gurman Reports that OpenAI Is Unhappy With Apple Deal ★

Mark Gurman, reporting for Bloomberg under the headline, “Apple-OpenAI Alliance Frays, Setting Up Possible Legal Fight”:

OpenAI lawyers are actively working with an outside legal firm on a range of options that could be formally executed in the near future, said the people, who asked not to be identified because the deliberations are private. That could include sending the iPhone maker a notice alleging breach of contract without necessarily filing a full lawsuit at the outset, according to the people. OpenAI enlisted the outside firm in recent days to help with the situation.

OpenAI believed that the companies’ partnership, which wove ChatGPT into Apple software, would coax more users into subscribing to the chatbot. It also expected deeper integration across more Apple apps and prime placement within the Siri assistant.

To be fair, Apple expected deeper integration across more Apple apps by now, too.

But what’s curious about this story is that it doesn’t even hint at what grounds OpenAI would have for legal action. Expecting deeper integration is one thing. Being contractually obligated to provide deeper integration is another. I don’t see how you run this story, with sources entirely from OpenAI, without describing what terms of the contract OpenAI considers breached.

Some quotes from Gurman’s unnamed source:

“We have done everything from a product perspective,” said an OpenAI executive who asked not to be identified. “They have not, and worse, they haven’t even made an honest effort.” [...]

“When we heard about this opportunity, it sounded amazing: being able to acquire a giant number of customers and have distribution in such a big mobile ecosystem,” said the OpenAI executive. At the time, though, Apple was unwilling to share exactly what the product would be, the person said. “They basically said, ‘OpenAI needs to take a leap of faith and trust us,’” the executive said, adding that the deal ended up being a failure for the startup.

ChatGPT has been the #1 app in the App Store for most of the last two years. (It’s #2 today, behind Instagram’s new Instants app.) It’s impossible to say how much ChatGPT’s exclusive integration with Siri has helped with that, but it couldn’t have hurt.

Lastly, regarding the deal Apple and Google announced in January to power Apple’s Foundation Models with Google’s Gemini technology (but not Gemini the product), this brave anonymous OpenAI executive says Apple couldn’t break up with them because they wanted to break up with Apple first:

OpenAI wasn’t interested in working with Apple on the new models because it felt burned by the initial relationship, according to the people. “Apple has so much market power that they can dictate terms,” the executive said. “We already took this leap of faith with you, and it didn’t work out well.”

This would be easier to take at face value if they’d said it before the Apple-Google partnership was announced, not months later.

The Trump T1 Phone Starts Shipping This Week, Supposedly ★

Dominic Preston, at The Verge:

Trump Mobile CEO Pat O’Brien first confirmed the release plans to USA Today, telling the outlet that all preorders will be fulfilled within the next few weeks. The company later confirmed the news on its social media accounts, using a very normal number of exclamation marks in the process.

The T1 Phone has arrived!! Those who pre-ordered the T1 Phone will be receiving an update email. Phones start shipping this week!!!

In a press release the company added that demand for the phone had been “incredibly high,” and that “orders are being fulfilled as quickly as possible.” That means that for early buyers, the long wait may nearly be over: it’s now been 11 months since the T1 Phone was announced.

The “Trump Mobile” indicia in the camera plateau is, of course, set in Arial.

The president, I’m sure, will soon switch to one of these from his iPhone.

Klack ★

Well, this is ridiculous. Klack is a $5 Mac utility by Henrik Ruscon that simulates mechanical keyboard clacking while you type. Absurd. My keyboard makes its own beautiful sounds as I type.

So of course I went to buy a copy immediately, because I love an absurd utility, that serves no purpose other than fun, crafted with exquisite attention to detail. But when I did, the Mac App Store informed me that a member of my family sharing group had already purchased it. (I presume that was my son, not my wife.)

Update: From a DF reader who shall remain nameless:

I bought Klack out of spite. One of my colleagues brought a mechanical keyboard to use in an open office space and I figured it’d be funny to troll him by setting my Mac system volume to 10 and letting it rip.

New Driver for the Old Griffin PowerMate ★

James Lockman:

This small driver enables the Griffin PowerMate, a nifty little device from days gone by. What does the PowerMate do? It is a knob that you can twist or that you can press. That’s it. It also has a blue LED in the base that can change intensity based on what you’re doing.

When it was released, it was intended to assist video and audio production by adding a scrollable knob to your desktop. Of course, modern controllers exist that offer many more literal bells and whistles, but there is something... quaint... about this early device.

I never bought a PowerMate but I was always on the cusp. I didn’t have a need for it all but it just seemed cool. What a fun idea to create a modern driver. (Lockman credits Cursor Agent as a co-contributor, so this probably wouldn’t have happened if not for AI coding.)

---

---

Tuesday, 12 May 2026

Kagi Snaps ★

Kagi’s documentation:

Typing @r headphones will search for “headphones” but limit the results to reddit.com (r is the short code for Reddit). This allows you to quickly find relevant content on a specific site using Kagi’s powerful index. It is effectively the same as doing headphones site:old.reddit.com.

Its relative, Bangs feature, invoked by using “!r headphones”, would redirect the user to Reddit’s internal search.

I learned about the snaps feature from a Kagi blog post a few months ago, and I’ve been loving it ever since. From that post:

You can also use Snaps to quickly search within Kagi’s knowledge base. For example, the @help snap searches the Kagi help docs, handy for when you want to quickly look into a feature.

User tip: “I recommend combining Snaps with the “I’m feeling lucky” bang: ! with no short code. Like searching @gh curl ! to go to the curl repo.

I’ve never actually looked any of these up. I just guessed at the ones I most want to use and they all worked on the first try. @nyt returns results from The New York Times; @wsj is for The Wall Street Journal. Take a guess what @df does.

And you can add your own custom bangs/snaps in Kagi’s settings. It’s easy. In fact, I created a custom nyt bang/snap shortcut to override Kagi’s default. Kagi’s built-in nyt bang/snap uses the query.nytimes.com subdomain, which is outdated. You get better results just using nytimes.com with no subdomain. [Update: One day after posting this, Kagi has updated their built-in nyt bang/snap to use the top-level nytimes.com domain. Nice.]

Also: Does your preferred search engine have a well-written comprehensive user manual? Kagi does. Good documentation is a tell-tale sign of a great product and a company that puts users first. There exist good products with bad or no documentation, but there are very few poor products with great documentation.

Seriously, Give Kagi a Try ★

Quoting from a post I wrote a year ago:

Like, even if I use the magic &udm=14 parameter with Google search, to get “disenshittified” results from Google, I find I get better results from Kagi. When I know there’s one right answer (say, a specific article I remember reading and want to find again), Kagi is more likely than Google to list it first. If it’s a years-old article, Kagi is way more likely than Google to find it at all. For me, Google (and, alas, DuckDuckGo too) have largely stopped working reliably for finding not-recent stuff on the web. Not true with Kagi.

I used DuckDuckGo for years as my default search, and for those years, I found it largely on par with Google. But it felt like every once in a while — maybe, say, once or twice a month — DuckDuckGo would come up dry in its results. DuckDuckGo pioneered a trick they call Bangs. Include !g to any search terms, and instead of performing the search itself, DuckDuckGo will redirect that search to Google. They have a whole bunch of these Bangs — “!a” for Amazon search, “!nf” for Netflix. There are literally thousands of them (which of course they allow you to search for). The only one I ever really used though was !g, for redirecting my current search to Google because DuckDuckGo’s own results for the same terms was unsatisfying. My memory may not match with my actual usage, but like I said, I feel like I used this about once or twice a month for the several years I was using DuckDuckGo as my default search engine. Infrequently enough that it didn’t annoy me to the point of considering switching back to Google for default in-browser search, but frequently enough that I was annoyed enough to remember that I needed to use it at all.

Kagi supports Bangs too, including !g for Google web search. I can’t remember the last time I felt the need to try using it. It’s been months, many months. And, the last few times I’ve tried it, Google’s results were no more help than Kagi’s.

In the year since writing the above, I honestly don’t think I’ve resorted to the !g bang once. For me, Google web search is about as relevant to my life as Yahoo search. Something I used to use, something that used to be better, but which I’ve found a vastly superior alternative to. If Kagi went out of business or changed for the worse, I’d be heartsick. It’s truly one of the best services I’ve used, and it keeps getting better.

Google Search is like watching 2001: A Space Odyssey with a goddamn Febreze ad stuck in the famed match cut. Kagi search is like paying for a streaming service with no ads and higher image quality and better sound. It’s just plain better.

Search Ads as a Vector for Travel Scams ★

Dawn Gilbertson, writing for The Wall Street Journal (gift link):

Calder says that he tried to rebook at the given link a few times but that it wouldn’t work. He became worried new flight options were dwindling, so he googled the airline’s customer-service number. (There was a link to customer-service contacts way down in the email that he initially overlooked.)

The rest of the story is sadly familiar to the Better Business Bureau, Federal Trade Commission, airlines and consumer advocates. It’s called an impostor scam. This can occur when a company impersonates an airline’s customer-service number or site, often by buying a sponsored ad on a search platform. The company is hoping that panicked consumers trying, say, to rebook a flight will click on the first link they see, bringing them to unscrupulous parties that try to charge exorbitant fees. I’ve written before about such tactics, and they are only becoming more sophisticated with AI.

“Scammers thrive on that sense of urgency,” says John Breyault, a vice president at the National Consumers League whose coverage area includes fraud.

The person who answered Calder’s call identified himself as a Lufthansa representative and asked for the Lufthansa confirmation number. He found new flights on Lufthansa’s partner Air Canada and Austrian Airlines, a Lufthansa Group subsidiary, on the same late-summer dates.

The kicker, which Calder admits in hindsight is a colossal red flag: He had to pay $12,132 to make the change. That’s more than five times the amount of the original tickets.

In addition to airlines, these scammers often impersonate hotels. Yet another reason to try Kagi as your default web search engine. I’m not saying Kagi is scam-proof in its actual search results, but it’s 100 percent resistant to scammers buying search result ads — because they have no ads. With Kagi, you pay a very small subscription fee and in exchange you get better results with zero ads.

Also, another reason to worry about Apple’s upcoming ads in Apple Maps.

Teresa Ribera Visited the U.S. and No One Noticed ★

Jacob Parry and Laura Greenhalgh, reporting for Politico, one month ago:

The EU’s landmark tech regulations are a “success story” that are beginning to level the playing field between Silicon Valley’s giants and their digital competitors in Europe, said European Competition Commissioner Teresa Ribera on Friday. [...]

Ribera’s comments come as Brussels prepares for a formal review of the DMA to determine what is working and where the law may need to be reformed. The regulation aims to prevent “gatekeeper” firms, including Apple, Alphabet and Meta, from using their dominant positions to stifle competition from smaller players.

The EU’s top antitrust official pushed back against criticism that enforcement has been too slow, arguing that the “rule of law” requires a methodical approach based on evidence and due process. [...]

Ribera recently returned from a diplomatic mission to Washington and Silicon Valley where she met with U.S. officials and tech executives. She said there is a surprising degree of alignment between European and American priorities, despite the differing political climates. In particular, Ribera highlighted a “consistent” dialogue with the U.S. Department of Justice under the current Trump administration.

Again, I only found this story because I went searching for news regarding Teresa Ribera and the DMA after taking note in an earlier post that things have been very quiet on this front for the last year. When Margrethe Vestager visited the U.S. and met with tech executives, it was news. There were press photos. Vestager drew attention to the meetings, and, of course, to herself.

It’s pretty telling that Ribera recently visited both Washington and Silicon Valley and it barely registered in the news. Ribera’s approach to the E.U. competition chief job might actually be focused on genuine competition and consumer welfare, not punishing U.S. companies for their success by weaponizing byzantine layers of bureaucracy that ultimately work against the interests of EU citizens and the stagnant EU economy.

Broadcasters Urge EU to Use the DMA to Go After Smart TV Platforms, None of Which Are From European Companies ★

Foo Yun Chee, reporting for Reuters back on March 23:

Google, Amazon, Apple and Samsung’s smart TVs and virtual assistants should fall under the EU’s toughest tech rules because of their growing market power, the world’s largest broadcasters told EU antitrust chief Teresa Ribera on Monday.

The call by the Association of Commercial Television and Video on Demand Services in Europe (ACT) whose members include Canal+, RTL, Mediaset, ITV, Paramount+, NBCUniversal, Walt Disney, Warner Bros Discovery, Sky and TF1 Groupe underscores the battle between ​broadcasters and Big Tech for market share in a lucrative industry.

Android TV, which increased its market share from 16% to ​23% from 2019 to 2024, Amazon Fire OS whose market share rose from 5% to 12% in the same period and Samsung’s Tizen OS with its 24% market share should be designated as gatekeepers under the EU’s ​Digital Markets Act, the broadcasters said, citing data from a 2025 market study.

Apple is mentioned only in the context of voice assistants, not Apple TV 4K:

The broadcasters also voiced concerns about virtual assistants, the most ​well known of which are Amazon’s ​Alexa and Apple’s Siri, while OpenAI entered the field last year with a beta feature called Tasks for its AI chatbot ChatGPT. The European Commission has yet to label any virtual assistants as gatekeepers under the DMA. [...]

They urged Ribera to subject smart TVs and virtual assistants to the DMA on the basis of qualitative criteria even if they do not meet the quantitative benchmarks which ​are more than 45 million monthly active users and 75 billion euros ($87 ​billion) in market capitalisation.

I found this story only after posting the previous item, trying to see if there were any DMA-related actions that I’d missed under Ribera’s leadership. I didn’t find much. And this Reuters story only says the broadcasters sent Ribera a letter asking her to go after smart TV platforms and voice assistants — there’s no suggestion that Ribera intends to do so.

New DMA Compliance Features for EU Users in iOS 26.5 (and Perhaps the EU Has Finally Come to Their Senses on Tech Regulation) ★

Juli Clover, MacRumors:

To comply with the EU’s Digital Markets Act, Apple is letting third-party wearables access some features that have historically been limited to the Apple Watch and AirPods.

• Proximity pairing — Third-party earbuds are able to use proximity pairing to connect to an iPhone, similar to the AirPods. Bringing a set of earbuds that support the feature near an iPhone will initiate an AirPods-like one-tap pairing process, so third-party wearables like earbuds will no longer require multiple steps to pair.

• iPhone notifications — Third-party accessories like smartwatches are able to receive notifications from the iPhone, and users are able to view and react to them. Interactive notifications from the iPhone have been limited to the Apple Watch, while third-party wearables have only been able to display read-only notifications. Notifications can only be forwarded to a single connected device at a time, so turning on notifications for a third-party wearable disables notifications on Apple Watch.

• Live Activities — Live Activities from the iPhone can be displayed on a third-party wearable, similar to how Live Activities are shown on an Apple Watch.

Accessory makers will need to add support for the interoperability updates, so they may not be available right away. Third-party TVs, smartwatches, and headphones will be able to use the features.

Two thoughts. First, I’d love to hear about any third-party devices that begin taking advantage of these EU-exclusive features.

Second, it sure seems as though the European Commission has quietly walked away from using the DMA as a cudgel under the leadership of competition chief Teresa Ribera. I’d even forgotten her name. Margrethe Vestager’s name, I still remember. I haven’t mentioned Ribera, or any new enforcement actions against Apple and iOS, in 13 months. The last was this post regarding a €500M fine imposed against Apple in April last year, the culmination of an investigation that began under Vestager. I wrote then:

This finding — and the scope of the fine (roughly $570M converted from euros) — was completely in line with (at least my) expectations. Apple booked about $184B in profit last year, so this fine is about 0.3% of that. Maybe Apple just considers this the new cost of doing business in the EU? It’s not nothing, but it’s about 1/80th of the theoretical maximum fine the EU could have assessed, $39B.

Something, not nothing, but definitely not a big deal. Teresa Ribera, the EC competition chief, is clearly trying to thread a political needle here. Fines big enough to create the impression that the EU is asserting itself, but small enough not to actually be all that inflammatory amidst the Trump-initiated mad-king trade war. Even Ribera’s job title — Executive Vice-President for Clean, Just and Competitive Transition — seems designed to de-escalate tensions. Margrethe Vestager was adamantly against American companies. Ribera is not.

These new DMA compliance features are the result of requirements imposed in March last year — again, from investigations that began under Vestager, not Ribera. I wrote then:

Apple’s statement makes clear their staunch opposition to these decisions. But at least at a superficial level, the European Commission’s tenor has changed. The quotes from the Commission executives (Teresa Ribera, who replaced firebrand Margrethe Vestager as competition chief, and Henna Virkkunen) are anodyne. Nothing of the vituperativeness of the quotes from Vestager and Thierry Breton in years past. But the decisions themselves make clear that the EU isn’t backing down from its general position of seeing itself as the rightful decision-maker for how iOS should function and be engineered, and that Apple’s core competitive asset — making devices that work better together than those from other companies — isn’t legal under the DMA.

I think that holds up. The EU hasn’t rescinded any of their existing requirements under the DMA. But Ribera has clearly deescalated the EU’s approach to regulating American companies in general, and Apple specifically. No new requirements in over a year, no new investigations, and no inflammatory rhetoric. (Still no iPhone Mirroring in the EU, either, though, because they haven’t rescinded any already-imposed requirements.)

Much better.

Monday, 11 May 2026

iOS 26.5 Includes Beta Support for End-to-End Encrypted RCS Messaging ★

Apple Newsroom:

Starting today, end-to-end encrypted RCS messaging begins rolling out in beta for iPhone users running iOS 26.5 with supported carriers and Android users on the latest version of Google Messages. When RCS messages are end-to-end encrypted, they can’t be read while they’re sent between devices. Users will know that a conversation is end-to-end encrypted when they see a new lock icon in their RCS chats. Encryption is on by default and will be automatically enabled over time for new and existing RCS conversations.

I hope this leads to a future where all RCS messages are end-to-end encrypted, but I doubt it. Currently this E2EE RCS depends both on the carriers (of both parties) in a direct chat, and the software running on their devices. The carrier list is pretty broad, but as far as I can tell, it still doesn’t include Google’s own Google Fi.

But the indication for this is subtle. You have to read the small print metadata in each chat to see if it’s encrypted. The message text remains the same shade of green. If it’s a group chat and even one single member isn’t on a phone and carrier that supports E2EE RCS, the entire chat will not be encrypted.

With iMessage, all chats are always E2EE, and always have been. iMessage has been exclusively E2EE since it was created. With RCS you have to look in the metadata small print to check. That’s better than not supporting encryption at all, but my recommendation is to assume all RCS chats are not encrypted unless you double-check every time.

Other than bug fixes, encrypted RCS is the biggest new feature in iOS 26.5.

iPhone Models Ranked 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 6th in Counterpoint’s List of 10 Bestselling Phones Worldwide in Q1 2026 ★

Samsung phones took spots 4, 5, 7, 8, and 9. The one phone not from Apple or Samsung in the top 10 was the Xiaomi Redmi A5 at #10. As I always say, take these numbers with a grain of salt, but according to Counterpoint, the bestselling phones, in order, are:

1. iPhone 17
2. iPhone 17 Pro Max
3. iPhone 17 Pro

And Apple’s phone in spot #6 was not the iPhone Air, alas, but the year-old iPhone 16.

(Via Horace Dediu.)

The New PowerMac ★

Apple stopped selling the Power Mac G5 (with space) in August 2006, so I’m not sure how much they care about Kraft using “PowerMac” (sans space) as a trademark for protein-enhanced macaroni and cheese. (I feel like there’s got to be a joke to be made here about a “cheese grater”...)

Tahoe’s UI Issues Have Nothing to Do With Display Technology, and Maybe, Just Maybe, We Should Stop Assuming Gurman Knows Anything About Apple’s Vision Hardware Roadmap ★

Mark Gurman, in his Power On newsletter for Bloomberg over the weekend:

Though the Mac software introduced the same Liquid Glass interface seen in iOS 26, the design language hasn’t translated as smoothly to the larger displays and different input methods of desktops and laptops. Part of the reason is that Liquid Glass was created with more modern hardware in mind: the crisp OLED displays that are used on iPhones, some iPads and Apple Watches. The software also will be well-suited to the more glass-centric iPhone 20 coming in 2027.

Most Macs, in contrast, still rely on industrial designs introduced several years ago. The current look of the MacBook Air debuted in 2022, while the latest MacBook Pro and iMac designs date back to 2021. Macs also continue to use LCD displays, which don’t render translucency, shadows and glass effects as effectively as OLED screens.

If you’ve used Tahoe, you’re likely familiar with some of the quirks — particularly the transparency effects and shadows that can make lists and other text-heavy areas harder to read.

Trying to argue that the differences between LCD and OLED displays have anything to do with MacOS 26 Tahoe’s UI problems is like arguing that the reason your undercooked poorly prepared food tastes like shit is that it was designed to be served on higher-quality dinnerware. A nicer display is just a nicer display. A bad UI is a bad UI. Shitty undercooked poorly prepared food is shitty undercooked poorly prepared food.

You can actually see MacOS 26 Tahoe on an OLED display using Sidecar with a recent iPad Pro. It doesn’t help. You can also see iOS 26 and iPadOS 26 on devices that don’t have OLED displays. It looks fine. The notion that anything on MacOS 26 Tahoe was optimized for OLED displays makes no sense — there are no MacBooks or Apple desktop displays that use OLED. OLED MacBooks are purportedly coming at the end of this year or next year, but by the time that happens we’ll be mid-cycle for MacOS 27. Lastly, Apple just came out with the new $3,300 Studio Display XDR, using Mini-LED not OLED technology, in March. Even the future of Mac display technology is only partially OLED.

Last year’s Liquid Glass UI redesigns for iOS and iPadOS 26 were pretty good. The Liquid Glass redesign for MacOS 26 was pretty bad. That’s it. It has nothing to do with display technologies.

I’m happy to see Gurman report that the upcoming MacOS 27 release sports a revised UI, but you don’t need a weatherman to know which way the wind blows. Apple revises their UIs almost every year. Given the obvious problems with Tahoe and the pervasive criticisms from UI critics this year, it’d be absolutely flabbergasting if MacOS 27 did not reflect some noticeable changes.

Elsewhere in this week’s column, Gurman writes:

If a new Vision Pro-like device does end up coming together, I wouldn’t expect it for around two more years at least given the hardware resources are so concentrated elsewhere.

I suggest taking Vision headset product timelines from Gurman with a few grains of salt. In mid-October 2025 Apple announced and began shipping the second-gen Vision Pro, with a speed bump from the M2 to M5 chip. But in January 2025, Gurman wrote:

One thing missing from this 2025 road map is the Vision Pro. As of now, I don’t believe there will be a new headset from Apple shipping this year, though there theoretically could be an unveiling ahead of a release later. Signs point to a second-generation model coming in 2026 with an M5 chip.

Worse, in April last year, Gurman not only whiffed again on the second-gen model with M5 being released later in the year, he actually suggested that the M5 speed bump revision was cancelled:

So the company is pushing forward and is currently working on two new models, I’m told. Though Apple had previously considered doing a more basic refresh of the current hardware (changing the chip from the M2 to upcoming M5), it’s now looking to go further.

That exact “previously considered” product shipped just six months after Gurman wrote that. Signs point to Gurman having terrible sources — or just making shit up — regarding Apple’s Vision Pro hardware roadmap.

Sunday, 10 May 2026

WorkOS ★

My thanks for WorkOS for, once again, sponsoring Daring Fireball for the last week. If you’re ready to sell to enterprise customers, your product may be ready — but is your auth infrastructure?

If you’re building B2B SaaS, especially AI, you quickly need enterprise features like SSO, SCIM, and audit logs. Your developers shouldn’t waste cycles rebuilding that infrastructure. Free them to focus on what sets you apart. WorkOS gives you production-ready APIs for auth and access control that integrate directly into your product. Trusted by over 2,000 companies, including OpenAI, Anthropic, Cursor, and Vercel.

Build faster with WorkOS.

Meta to Start Capturing Employee Mouse Movements, Keystrokes for AI Training Data ★

Katie Paul and Jeff Horwitz, reporting for Reuters in late April:

Meta is installing new tracking software on U.S.-based employees’ computers to capture mouse movements, clicks and ​keystrokes for use in training its artificial intelligence models, part of a broad initiative to build AI agents that can perform work tasks autonomously, the company told staffers in internal memos seen by Reuters.

The tool, called Model Capability Initiative (MCI), will run on work-related apps and websites and will also take occasional snapshots of the content on employees’ screens, according to one of the memos, posted by a staff AI research scientist on Tuesday in a channel for the company’s model-building Meta SuperIntelligence Labs team.

I love this. Anyone who works at Meta knows who they’re working for. I hope they’re all as creeped out by this as I would be. What I’d really like to know is how far up the chain does this go? If they have any honor, every single employee at the company, right up to Zuckerberg, would get this MCI spyware. What’s good for the goose is good for the gander. I presume that’s not the case, and there’s a two-class system where if you’re high enough in the org chart, you don’t get it. I would love to hear from any little birdies about this, but I don’t have many little birdies in Menlo Park. (Alan, baby, help me out?)

Also:

Meta is planning to lay off 10% of its workforce globally starting on May 20 and is eyeing additional large cuts later this year.

If I worked there I’d raise my hand to get a buyout, but, I’d never work there in the first place.

Horwitz, by the way, won a 2026 Pulitzer for his investigative coverage of Meta.

Thursday, 7 May 2026

Prolost Watches 1.0 ★

Stu Maschwitz:

Prolost Watches is an iPhone app for managing your watch collection. It’s part database, part journal; designed for the detail-obsessed mind of the watch fanatic. As you log each day’s choice of watch, insights are revealed. Wear logs trace a path on the map. Events from the past are resurfaced at opportune times. Finances mange themselves as you buy and sell. Your entire collection lives in your pocket, and you get to enjoy all your watches, even the ones you’re not wearing. [...]

Prolost Watches is a one-time purchase. There’s no subscription, no ads, no account, and no server. Your data is secure and private, and never leaves your device. Pre-order now for US$14.99, with expected release on June 16 at US$19.99.

I’m friends with Stu, I have my own little obsessively curated watch collection, and, for some of my interests in life, I love keeping a log of activity. So I jumped at the chance to beta test Prolost Watches. And it turns out, my watches are not one of those things I want to track in a log or database. I just want to continue doing what I’ve been doing ever since I went from owning only one watch to two: I pick the one I’m in the mood for that morning and I wear it for the day.

I feel the same way about sleep tracking. I’m fortunate in that I sleep great every night. I’ve been sleeping better this past year than I have in my entire life. So while I have my Apple Watch(es) set to track my sleep overnight — because why not collect the data? — I don’t look at it or worry about it most days because all it tends to do is add a little stress to my mind over something I ought not have even an iota of stress regarding. (I like wearing an Apple Watch while I sleep not for the sleep tracking but because it’s easy to read in the middle of the night in the dark.)

But, that’s me. I obsessively track other things that most of you would think are a bit nutty to track. You don’t get to pick your obsessions, but you know what they are. If you’ve got a few watches and you think you’d be interested in tracking how often you wear each one, you should already have the above link to Prolost Watches open in a tab.

Interesting too, is how Maschwitz made Prolost Watches:

Bitrig has changed a lot since I used the iPhone version to create the ill-fated version of Drinking Buddy. It’s now a native Mac app that allows prompt-base creation of native SwiftUI apps for iPhone, as well as iPad, Mac, and Apple Watch. It has a built-in simulator, and can preview your apps on your device as well. If Lovable (which I used to create the shipping version of Drinking Buddy) is at one end of the spectrum — easy for anyone to use with little experience, and Claude Code running in the terminal is at the other, Bitrig is in a sweet spot right in the middle: a little nerdy, but with some well-considered creature comforts that, in my case, made it mostly a delight to craft and refine a complex app.

The iPhone version of Bitrig got swept up in Apple’s infuriating but unsurprising crackdown on iOS vibe-coding apps a few months ago. It’s still in the App Store, but hasn’t been updated in over five months. The Mac app is in active development. It’s kind of bananas that the iPhone is a nearly 20-year-old platform and you still can’t use an iPhone app to make iPhone apps. And when developers, like Bitrig, found ways to build atop LLM capabilities to make iPhone apps that can make iPhone apps, Apple put the kibosh on it.

The Greatest Match Cut in Cinematic History, Improved by Amazon Prime ★

I’m sure there’s a scene marker right at the cut, so that’s why an ad got inserted there. But, my god. Someone at Amazon should go to prison for this.

(I think it’s a total coincidence that the Febreze ad seems roughly color-matched to the sky. But scroll down in the Bluesky thread for some links to the absolute genius campaign from Cerveza Cristal beer, with spots specifically designed to integrate into Star Wars when it was broadcast on commercial TV in Chile. “Your father wanted you to have this when you were old enough” might be the funniest TV commercial ever made.)

Update: Here’s Todd Vaziri’s 2026 HD remaster of the original jump cut, for your comparison. Enjoy.

Wednesday, 6 May 2026

Broadcast Booths Around Baseball Tip Their Caps to John Sterling ★

Great stuff around MLB:

Those around the league quickly honored that legacy during Monday night’s slate of games. Tributes rolled in from across the league, with various play-by-play announcers deviating from their typical routines to give a nod to Sterling’s distinct style.

It started with the Yankees and TV man Michael Kay, who called Aaron Judge’s first-inning home run exactly as Sterling would have: “It is high, it is far, it is gone!” Kay said, continuing: “Aaron Judge, a Judgian blast! Here comes the Judge!”

The Yankees also tipped the cap to Sterling by playing a recording of his iconic post-win call over the loudspeakers in Yankee Stadium once New York wrapped up a 12-1 win over the Orioles — “Yankees win, theeee Yankees win!” — something Judge and manager Aaron Boone each said they hoped could continue to be done moving forward.

The Yankees will wear a commemorative patch for the remainder of the season. I’ve got my beefs with Hal Steinbrenner, but the organization still knows how to do stuff like this right.

Sterling called 5,426 regular-season Yankees games and 225 postseason games. According to this tally, there are only three teams that have even played in at least 225 postseason games in franchise history. He called 5,060 consecutive games from September 1989 to July 2019 — a span that included every at-bat of Derek Jeter’s career and every inning of Mariano Rivera’s. He called five seasons for the Atlanta Braves before getting a real job.

To put that longevity in perspective, how’s this for a factoid:

John Sterling called nearly 3.0% of all games in MLB history — this includes all games, for all teams, even those prior to the first ever radio broadcast of a ballgame on Aug. 5, 1921.

(Vin Scully, the best there ever was, called over 4 percent of all MLB games ever played.)

I listened to Sterling call a lot of games. He never once made it boring.

Claris CEO Ryan McCann on FileMaker in the Age of Agentic Coding ★

That previous item led me to look at Claris’s website for the first time in a while. And, lo, there’s a banner promoting a message from CEO Ryan McCann that was posted just yesterday, under the headline “How Claris Is Building for What’s Next”:

Every AI-generated application creates the same problems: Where does it run, and how is it deployed, secured, and managed?

The app needs a database. It needs user authentication, role-based permissions, and audit logging. It needs backup and recovery. It needs to work on Mac, Windows, iPad, iPhone, and the web. It needs to run on infrastructure your organization controls, whether that is in the cloud or on your own hardware.

This is what FileMaker already is. One unified platform with data, logic, interface, security, and cross-platform delivery, built together from the start. We’ve been solving this problem at scale for over 40 years.

“Mac, Windows, iPad, iPhone, and the web”, huh? Feels like there’s a somewhat popular platform missing from that list. Can’t quite put my finger on it. Oh yeah.

FileMaker 2026 is coming soon. This release focuses on resiliency, productivity, and infrastructure, including native disaster recovery and business continuity capabilities enabled by two new features: FileMaker Server Remote Backup and Standby Server. Additionally, it lays the groundwork for agentic development. We will share specifics in the coming weeks.

Later this summer, following the release of FileMaker 2026, we will deliver the first developer previews of our agentic coding functionality.

I have to admit I very seldom hear about FileMaker, and I’ve never once heard of Ryan McCann before. But it must still be a significant business. Tim Cook certainly doesn’t seem like the sentimental type.

Luca Maestri Runs the Cafeteria ★

Apple Newsroom, back in August 2024:

Apple today announced that Chief Financial Officer Luca Maestri will transition from his role on January 1, 2025. Maestri will continue to lead the Corporate Services teams, including information systems and technology, information security, and real estate and development, reporting to Apple CEO Tim Cook. As part of a planned succession, Kevan Parekh, Apple’s Vice President of Financial Planning and Analysis, will become Chief Financial Officer and join the executive team.

That continued leadership role wasn’t ceremonial. Maestri still has an executive page, which reads:

Luca Maestri is Apple’s vice president of Corporate Services, reporting to CEO Tim Cook. In this role, he oversees a range of functions, including information systems and technology, information security, real estate and development, Caffè Macs, and Claris.

I find the mention of Caffè Macs to be utterly charming. (And the mention of Claris to be at least a little interesting.)

Tuesday, 5 May 2026

Apple Cuts More Mac Studio and Mac Mini RAM Options as Memory Shortage Worsens ★

Juli Clover, MacRumors:

Apple has removed more desktop Macs from its online store as the global memory shortage continues. Mac mini models with 32GB and 64GB of RAM are no longer available for purchase, nor is the M3 Ultra Mac Studio with 256GB RAM.

The M3 Ultra Mac Studio is now available only in a 96GB RAM configuration, with higher-tier options eliminated. Both M3 Mac Studio and M4 Max Mac Studio models have delivery estimates of 9 to 10 weeks.

Apple Settles Class Action Lawsuit Over AI Features That Were Advertised but Didn’t Ship for $250 Million ★

Chance Miller, 9to5Mac:

Last March, Apple was hit with a class action lawsuit after delaying the launch of the “more personalized Siri” that was first announced at WWDC 2024. Apple agreed to settle the case in December, and the full settlement terms are now available. Apple is set to pay $250 million to settle the lawsuit, equating to an estimated $25 per device. That number could reach up to $95 per device, depending on how many users submit claims. [...]

As part of the settlement, Apple is not admitting any wrongdoing. The company continues to assert that “it acted in good faith and in a manner reasonably believed to be in accordance with all applicable rules, regulations, and laws.” In a statement to 9to5Mac, an Apple spokesperson said:

Since the launch of Apple Intelligence, we have introduced dozens of features across many languages that are integrated across Apple’s platforms, relevant to what users do every day, and built with privacy protections at every step. These include Visual Intelligence, Live Translation, Writing Tools, Genmoji, Clean Up and many more.

Apple has reached a settlement to resolve claims related to the availability of two additional features. We resolved this matter to stay focused on doing what we do best, delivering the most innovative products and services to our users.

A $25/device settlement sounds about right. Apple ran ads showing features that still haven’t shipped. That they honestly intended to somehow ship those features, as promised, doesn’t mean the ads didn’t wind up being false.

The Pentagon Pegs the Cost of the Iran War, So Far, at $25 Billion ★

Taegan Goddard, quoting the Financial Times last week:

The Pentagon said President Trump’s Iran war has cost the United States at least $25 billion, driven primarily by the military’s use of munitions, the Financial Times reports.

The New York Times had an interesting piece trying to put that number in context (gift link):

$25 billion is similar to:

• The annual budget of NASA.
• Spending on military aid to Israel after Oct. 7.
• Spending by U.S.A.I.D. before it was disbanded.
• The cost to expand Obamacare subsidies for one year.

These are all comparisons to other aspects of the U.S. federal budget. It’s interesting also to use this in comparison with the current moment in tech:

• OpenAI’s latest valuation of $852 billion (I love the 2) equals 34 Iran Wars.
• Anthropic’s $380 billion valuation equals 15 Iran Wars.
• Apple’s current four-year U.S. manufacturing commitment of “more than $500 billion” equals 20 Iran Wars.
• Google expects to spend between $91–93 billion in capital expenditures this calendar year, mostly related to AI infrastructure. That’s a little over 3 Iran Wars this year.
• Larry Ellison currently has a net worth of $220 billion. That’s just short of 9 Iran Wars. But since the start of the war on February 28, his net worth has grown $46 billion. That’s about 2 Iran Wars during the time of the actual Iran War thus far.

---

---

Tuesday, 5 May 2026

Pedometer++ 8.0  ★

David Smith, “Six Years Perfecting Maps on watchOS”:

I love going on wilderness adventures. I am rarely happier than when I am far off into the mountains without a soul in sight. As a result, I have spent a lot of time learning how to safely explore and navigate when I’m away from civilization. The most important habit I’ve found for not getting lost is to be very regular in checking your location as you go, and the best way I’ve found to do that is to have a map on my wrist.

For more than six years I’ve been working towards creating the best possible mapping experience on the Apple Watch. With yesterday’s launch of Pedometer++ 8, I feel like this design journey has reached a meaningful destination. I would contend that Pedometer++’s watchOS mapping support is the absolute best available on the App Store.

So I wanted to walk through the journey it took to get here.

“I love going on wilderness adventures” is how you start a post about an app update. Or at least my type of update to my type of app. I don’t have any desire for maps on my watch, but reading this makes me want it anyway. Enthusiasm is contagious. (See also: the Pedometer++ blog, and Stephen Hackett at 512 Pixels.)

Monday, 4 May 2026

Chess Peace ★

Chess Peace — a new iOS game by Sam Shepherd — is my kind of logic puzzle. Each puzzle is a board with a few unplaced chess pieces. To solve you need to place all the pieces so that none of them attack each other. There’s a timer if you care, but I don’t. (And you can hide the clock.) Clever name too: the pieces need to be ... at peace with each other. You can download Chess Peace and try it out free of charge, and it’s just a one-time payment of $7 to unlock everything. Great simple premise, really well implemented.

Adobe’s ‘Modern’ User Interface Is Just Webpages ★

Nick Heer:

If you do a little poking around in Adobe’s application bundles, a key reason for the jankiness of these user interfaces becomes apparent: it is because they are little webpages. These dialog boxes are HTML files that reference a chunky CSS file and oodles of JavaScript, and appear to be built with React. [...]

I was going to write about how this stuff should have been tried with people who actually use Adobe’s apps in a high-pressure environment, but I am sure it was and, also, it does not matter. Wichary has it right. These are fundamental principles of user interface design that Adobe is ignoring because its internal tooling has taken precedence.

I will quibble only with this line from Heer’s post:

Also, Adobe’s interface has always been unique and not quite at home on either MacOS or Windows.

You have to go back to the 1990s and classic Mac OS, but Adobe’s best apps used to have exemplary native UIs. Apps like Photoshop helped push the state of the art in Mac UI forward. Tabbed palettes were a revelation. Fire up, say, Photoshop 3.0 on MacOS 7.6 and see what I mean.

Also worth noting is how much this new “modern” UI isn’t just subjectively ugly, it’s objectively breaking the habits and expectations of users with literally decades of experience with Photoshop — users who, like me, remember when Adobe’s UI wasn’t just merely tolerable but actually good. It’s insane when you think about it.

How did Adobe lose that good sense of yore? Two ways. Gradually, then suddenly.

Paul Thurrott Might Write a Book on Markdown ★

Paul Thurrott:

I may or may not write and publish a short e-book about Markdown sometime this year, most likely as part of a monthly focus. But l’ve written small parts of it already, as I do, and I figured it might be interesting for at least some readers. And so here’s an early draft of an introductory chapter that may or may not be called “On writing.” We’ll see.

It’s odd how things turn out in life. Thurrott’s and my careers are almost uniquely parallel, but have seldom intersected. This book would have been a very surprising outcome to me, if you’d told me about it 20 years ago. Sort of a fun outcome, though, and I must admit to being curious what comes of it.

---

---

Monday, 4 May 2026

Google Owns a Big Chunk of Anthropic ★

The New York Times, back in March last year (gift link):

To win the artificial intelligence race, Google not only has developed its own technologies, but has also pumped money into prominent A.I. start-ups. And to preserve its competitive edge, Google has kept its ownership stakes in those start-ups a secret.

Court documents recently obtained by The New York Times reveal Google’s stake in one of those start-ups, Anthropic, as well as how its investment in the young company is set to change. Google owns 14 percent of Anthropic, according to legal filings that the A.I. start-up submitted as part of a Google antitrust case. But that investment gives Google little control over the company. The internet giant can own only up to 15 percent of Anthropic, according to the filings, and Google holds no voting rights, no board seats and no board observer rights at the start-up.

Still, Google is set to invest an additional $750 million in Anthropic in September through a type of loan known as convertible debt, according to the filings. The companies agreed to the convertible note in 2023. In total, Google has invested more than $3 billion in the A.I. company.

Anthropic’s latest funding round — a rare Series G — valued the company at $380 billion. So let’s say Google has invested $4 billion to date, and Anthropic really is worth $380 billion. Google’s slice of that would be worth a little north of $50 billion, quite the return on investment. And competitively, there’s a heads-they-win (with Gemini), tails-they-don’t-lose (with Claude) aspect. Maybe that’s not the best metaphor, since OpenAI would make it a three-sided coin, but still.

(Via today’s subscriber-only Stratechery update, where Ben Thompson noted this in the context of Google last week reporting a 30% increase in operating profit year-over-year, but an eye-popping 81% increase in overall profit. The difference was the growth in their investments, almost certainly Anthropic in particular.)

App Store Search Ads and the Slippery Slope ★

Jeremy Provost, on the blog for Think Tap Work, his mobile app development company:

iOS App Store search is no longer about relevance. It’s about ad inventory. With Apple’s introduction of a second search ad, for any query where we weren’t #1, we’ve effectively moved down one position. [...] If you’re counting at home, roughly 70% of the interface is covered in ads. A casino ad, to boot.

That was a month ago. Two weeks later, he posted a follow-up, showing the effect on Think Tap Work’s apps in the App Store:

I wanted to share some updated numbers from our own apps. To isolate the impact, these numbers only include App Store Search impressions from iOS devices, comparing Mar 26–Apr 8 to the prior two weeks. In other words: how much visibility we’ve lost in search.

• Morpho Converter: 26% decrease
• Pop Out Timer: 23% decrease
• Attendant for Zoom: 30% decrease
• Participant: 3% increase. As previously mentioned, we advertise Participant using Search Ads. It’s not surprising that it might be getting a bump from this change.

The screenshot in his follow-up shows another casino ad, this time in a search for “Roblox”. Kinda gross.

Here’s Wikipedia on the “Zero-One-Infinity Rule”:

The zero-one-infinity (ZOI) rule is a rule of thumb in software design proposed by early computing pioneer Willem van der Poel. It argues that arbitrary limits on the number of instances of a particular type of data or structure should not be allowed. Instead, an entity should either be forbidden entirely, only one should be allowed, or any number of them should be allowed.

In Apple Notes, you can only have one main window open. In Apple Mail, however, you can open as many Viewer Windows as you want. Both are compliant with the Zero-One-Infinity rule. An app that allowed you to open multiple viewer windows — but no more than some arbitrary limit — would not be. ZOI is a very good rule of thumb.

I feel like a variation of Zero-One-Infinity is a good rule of thumb for ads, too. From the perspective of users — and probably developers — zero was the best number of ads for Apple to show in App Store search results. One was worse but acceptable. But now that they’re showing more than one, they’re on their way to infinity. They’ve started down the slippery slope. Remember when Google only showed one ad in search results?

Anyway, who’s looking forward to ads in Apple Maps this summer?

‘Noir, Japan’s Hard-Boiled Bittersweet Answer to Oreos’ ★

Jake Adelstein (author of Tokyo Vice) on his blog Tokyo Paladin:

For decades, Japan’s Oreos weren’t made by Nabisco at all. They were produced domestically by Yamazaki Biscuits, under a licensing arrangement with what eventually became Mondelez International. This was, by most accounts, a reasonable arrangement. The cookies were local. The quality was consistent. Nobody was complaining.

Then Mondelez did what corporations do when things are working fine. The license expired, and Mondelez moved production of the Oreos it sells in Japan to China, exporting them to Japanese wholesalers and retailers. A cost decision. A spreadsheet decision. The kind of decision made in a room with no windows and a very good projector.

Sensitive Japanese consumers noticed quickly — the taste had changed. Into that opening stepped the Noir, inheriting the flavor the old Oreo had left behind.

Yamazaki Biscuits launched Noir in December 2017 as the successor nobody had officially asked for and everybody apparently wanted.

I have a great affinity for Newman-O’s, which I’ve previously described as “the cookies Oreos pretend to be”. Turns out though I’ve mostly sung the praises of Newman-O’s on my podcast and social media, not here on Daring Fireball. I love Newman-O’s, never tire of them, and will fight any man who argues that Oreos taste better. In fact, late last night, when a friend texted me with a link to this story from Adelstein, I was by sheer happenstance eating a few Newman-O’s. True story.

But now I’m fascinated by the existence of these Japanese rivals. A spite Oreo called Noir. They look and sound delicious, but they seem difficult to obtain in the U.S.

Photoshop’s ‘Modern User Interface’ Sucks (and Doesn’t Feel Modern) ★

Marcin Wichary at Unsung:

I’m angry. (Clearly.) We should all be angry in face of stuff like this. This is how people get fed up with software — because it feels unstable and deteriorates on its own without needing to.

I know I brought up that an existing power user base can be a huge pain in the ass, and I am a decades-old Photoshop power user. But this is different than other examples where the product needs or at least wants to evolve past its core audience or toward a different market. For Photoshop here, nothing I see indicates any change in course or clientele — and yet all of these good moments in UI that used to help me out no longer exist.

Plus, all those transgressions are solved problems. Those issues are not buried in pages of heavily litigated patents, or in seven collective brains of world-class interface designers whose driveways are presently occupied by cash-filled trucks sent over by frontier companies. This isn’t some long lost art that requires archaeologists to decipher. This feels like carelessness and laziness in face of basic UI engineering; in a likely internally-motivated effort to refresh the interface, the team threw an entire nursery worth of babies with the bathwater.

The before-and-after screenshots look like examples from a lecture on user interface design — if you swap them around make the new ones “before” and the old ones “after”. Better balance, better focus behavior, appropriate platform-native typography.

(Shades of Héliographe’s devastating critique of the history of the app icon for Pages: “If you put the Apple icons in reverse it looks like the portfolio of someone getting really really good at icon design.”)

---

---